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Introduction to C++

C++ is a powerful, high-performance programming language developed as an extension of C. It supports object-oriented, generic, and functional features, making it suitable for a wide range of applications, from system software to game development.

Key Topics

Features of C++

C++ offers a rich set of features that enable efficient programming:

  • Object-Oriented Programming
  • Generic Programming
  • Low-level Memory Manipulation
  • Standard Template Library (STL)

Hello World Program

The "Hello World" program is a simple way to demonstrate the basic syntax of C++.

Example: Hello World in C++

#include <iostream>

int main() {
    std::cout << "Vanakkam, World!" << std::endl;
    return 0;
}

Output:

Vanakkam, World!

Code Explanation: This program includes the standard input/output stream header <iostream>, defines the main() function, and uses std::cout to output "Vanakkam, World!" followed by a newline character using std::endl. The word "Vanakkam" means "Hello" in Tamil.

History of C++

C++ was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup starting in 1979 at Bell Labs. It was designed to enhance the C language with object-oriented features while maintaining compatibility with C.

Best Practices

  • Use meaningful variable and function names.
  • Comment your code to explain complex logic.
  • Follow consistent coding standards.
  • Manage memory efficiently to avoid leaks.

Don'ts

  • Don't ignore compiler warnings.
  • Don't neglect to free dynamically allocated memory.
  • Don't use global variables unnecessarily.

Key Takeaways

  • C++ is a versatile language that builds upon C with object-oriented features.
  • It provides fine-grained control over system resources.
  • Understanding C++ can help in learning other object-oriented languages.
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