The UPPER function converts a string to uppercase, and the LOWER function converts a string to lowercase. These functions are useful for case-insensitive comparisons and formatting.

Examples with Tamil Kings

1. Converting King’s Name to Uppercase

SELECT king_name, UPPER(king_name) AS uppercase_name FROM tamil_kings_auto_increment;

2. Converting King’s Name to Lowercase

SELECT king_name, LOWER(king_name) AS lowercase_name FROM tamil_kings_auto_increment;

Best Practices

• Use UPPER and LOWER for case-insensitive text comparisons.
• Be mindful of the impact on performance when using these functions in WHERE clauses.

Key Takeaways

• UPPER converts text to uppercase, and LOWER converts text to lowercase.
• These functions are useful for formatting and case-insensitive operations.